oss Holloway and Charles and Helen LinthicumAn Outline Of Thoughts Thus Far
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Unexplained success- “Deliverances”
History of the National Anthem
Pro-For the Anthem and path to recognition
Orpheus with the Awkward Foot
by
Charles H. Niehaus, Fort McHenry
Thesis-A heritage of respect for unexplained deliverances and
national unity inherited by the post civil war generation
1. The
psychology of solidarity by which humans receive a specific uplifting feeling
of gratification and if not actually enhanced strength, perceived enhanced
strength and optimism- a sort of adrenaline rush is universal and ancient.
2. Unexplained deliverance's from external threat are interpreted by the human mind as being
“super human” and create a universal feeling of wonder and awe which generates
a universal reaction encouraging solidarity and desire to utilize cultural
tools, symbols and acts of thanksgiving to encourage the mysterious force to
provide future deliverances.
3. Manipulation
of the two aspects of the human condition noted above provides the fuel for the
engines of national progress and prosperity. Those who understand these
principals can use this knowledge to benefit the entire nation as well as their
personal interests. As the saying goes universal prosperity is as a flood that
lifts all ships and provides universal benefit
What was their personal rather than national motivation
personal and family networks.
Raising the water level of pride lifts all boats
and spreads success so that the network ultimately benefits.
Through many one
then from one back to the network
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Unexplained success- “Deliverances”
Recognition of Human limitations
Construction of chain of being linking to deity
Age of reason disassembles the chain but does not explain
unexplained deliverances such as
Spanish Armada 1588
Gunpowder Plot 1605
William and Mary 1688
When there was a divine absolute monarch there was no need
for anthem or flag. Flags were used on the battlefield tactically. When Monarch
entered the room there came a feeling of strength as all moved as one.
Armada 1588, gunpowder plot 1605, 1688- glorious revolution
Age of Reason/Great Awakening Descartes individual-logic
Execution of Charles I 1649
Age of reason pulls down absolutism but not a sense of
providence. Humans were not gods, science was but there were thing that were
unexplained.
Rather than the absolute leader or government power
transferred to symbols of national unity. Flag, Anthem, Creed, Constitution.
The veneration or gathering to venerate was important to strengthen a “national
spirit” very much like providence. One nation under god…..
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What is an
Anthem? Or Pledge to the Flag?
Anthems and symbols are associated with special feelings that
relate to positive strength and unity. They are not feelings that occur
ordinarily- they are sort of special super human phenomena. When a group rises
as one. When everyone focuses upon patriotism- a feeling of belonging, that
united more things can be done, inspired one goes the extra mile.
The super human feeling “liberation of the muse” was
recognized by English Drinking Societies. Escaping the human limitations was
their goal.
Drinking society not tavern.
Notable writers- Ben Johnson and contemporaries
Specific rules “one should leave the meeting with ones
reputation as good as it was originally.
Music along with drink elevated the muse and allowed for
creativity Consumption of the hot beverages- canary, port humans needed
assistance to achieve their devine potential
The Anacreonic song was created for such a group. It is a
hymn to elevate the muse and human condition.
It is the tune for the Star Spangled Banner
Once the Monarchy left the scene as divine and absolute the
“aura” transferred from the great chain of being to songs and symbols such as a
national anthem and flag
God Save the Queen anthem of England was said to have been
written by John Bull in c. 1619 it was
first published in 1744 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_Save_the_Queen)
Despite the erosion of the great chain of being deliverances
continued to occur. How would we give thanks for such deliveranaces? How should
we behave so that such deliverance's
would continue into the future.
The conclusion was based upon the old testament. The
Israelite s gave thanks through feasting, and music. The use of the
anthem and
flag were reinforced.
Following the deliverance of the armada, gunpowder plot and
glorious revolution (William and Mary) slow steps were made toward democracy
and with the American revolution other deliverance's were noted.
First was the victory of the relatively powerless settlers
over the Indians and setbacks for crops. This resulted in the first
thanksgivings ironically timed for the same date as the celebration of the
deliverance from the gunpowder plot November 5
The triumph of the powerless colonies over the English empire
was also seen as an act of “providence”
or the acts of god as recognized by dissenters- puritans-Calvinists.
The next big deliverance from the us came in the form of the
battles of North Point and Baltimore (fort Mchenry) two boys shot and killed
the English general and the small star fort in Baltimore withstood the
bombardment of the greatest navy on earth. While god was gone something outside
of human power seemed to have intervened.
Next came the Civil War the huge conflagration was
miraculously won and the union preserved at great cost. Again an important
deliverance which defied explanation.
The post civil war generation as with the Anacreonoic
societies and those wishing to foster continued deliverances was motivated to
seek the extra human patriotic swelling that brought a feeling to those singing
the anthem, pledging to the flag or other patriotic works that brought people
together providing a feeling of an adrenaline rush accomplished by large
numbers acting in harmony unified as one force not divided.
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The history
of our anthem The Star Spangled Banner
Mid 1760’s – John Stafford Smith, in England, writes the tune to : "The Anacreontic Song",
also known as "To Anacreon in Heaven", for the Anacreonic
Society a social club.
1814, September 13,- Francis Scot Key Writes Star Spangled
Banner (The Defense of Fort McHenry) in Baltimore on an English prison ship.
Critics-
too warlike and that its tune was too difficult to sing -- an accusation that
lingers to this day.
Suggested anthems included "My Country 'Tis of Thee
(America)" and "America the Beautiful." God Bless America.
In 1930,
the Music Supervisors National Conference,
against the bill. (They preferred
America the Beautiful) a single historical event and was too difficult a
musical composition to be rendered properly
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“The
national ode has witnessed the rise of America ….It has seen the advancement of
America to the leadership of the world in the great war. It is now…international
ode….It is the ode of evolution as much as of revolution. It is the ode of
advance and of humanity as much as liberty and nationality……. It has in it… appropriate honor shall
be done to the Key flag, now in the the genius of the world's stirring for
liberty, democracy and humanity. “
-Merchants and Manufacturers Association, Baltimore
Association of Commerce, Chamber of Commerce of Matropolitan Baltimore, Baltimore,
Vol. 11, p.11, 1917.
The
road to adoption-note how adoption has been relatively recent
1889- Star Spangled Banner adopted by the Navy for official
use for morning flag-raising ceremonies.
1916, March- Linthicum Introduced first bill for the Anthem
at request of the Maryland Chapter of the National Society of United States
Daughters of 1812. Attempt sidelined by war legislation.
1916- Star
Spangled Banner Recognized by the President President Woodrow Wilson who
ordered it played at all military and official occasions.
1917- Official Song for ceremonial occasions for Navy and
Army
1918- Holloway convinces J. Charles Linthicum to introduce
the first bill recognizing the song as the national anthem.
1920- DAR Congress, Endorses
Linthicums bill of April 19
1921- Anthem bill re-introduced- did not pass.
1923, January- Anthem bill introduced for third time. Bill
died.
1924- Joint Resolution General Assembly of Maryland requests
Congress to adopt the anthem and support bill Hr. 5261 Introduced by Linthicum
to make Fort McHenry a national park
1929, April 15- Anthem Bill re-introduced by Linthicum.
Hearings began Jan. 31, 1930. Reaches floor of the House April 21, 1930.
1930, the
Music Supervisors National Conference, who
were meeting in Chicago, adopted a resolution against the bill. It focused on a single event, too difficult
to be sung. They wanted America the Beautiful.
1930- Linthicum’s bill passed unanimously by the House.
1931, March
3- The Bill Recognizing the anthem
sponsored by Rep. J. Charles Linthicum and Sen. Millard E. Tydings passes senate, (46 Stat. 1508, codified at 36 U.S.C. § 301),
which was signed by President Herbert Hoover. March 11, TITLE 36 > Subtitle I > Part
A > CHAPTER 3 > § 301
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In
the war of 1812 flags were important to convey the location of those managing
the battle and to send signals
The
union flag or “flag of Britain” was adopted by proclamation of James I of England in 1606 a year after the
deliverance from the gunpowder plot.
June 14, 1777, the Marine Committee
of the Second Continental Congress passed the Flag Resolution
May 1, 1795 – July 3, 1818 15 stars
Star Spangled Banner
(Right- Flag in 1812)
Flag code for
treatment of flag 1923 (National
Americanism Commission of The American Legion.) became law
1942 (bellamy pledge author, salute removed) The inventor of the
saluting gesture was James B. Upham, junior partner and editor of The Youth's Companion.[1]
Bellamy recalled Upham, upon reading the pledge, came into the posture of the
salute, snapped his heels together, and said "Now up there is the flag; I
come to salute; as I say 'I pledge allegiance to my flag,' I stretch out my
right hand and keep it raised while I say the stirring words that follow."[1]
The Bellamy salute was first demonstrated on October 12, 1892 according to
Bellamy's published instructions for the "National School Celebration of Columbus
Day":
Pledge of allegiance Francis Bellamy in 1892 and
formally adopted by Congress as the pledge in 1942
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Mrs. Ella Virginia Houck
Sept 3, 1862-1940 The Power behind the movement.
father Jacob Wever
Houck patriot
owned battlefield of north point.
A member of the first post Civil war generation- the union
preserved
Born at 10 Front St. Baltimore Next to shot tower- hence the
hat
Lineage Book, Vol. 43, Daughters of the American
Revolution, 1916,p.113.
MRS.
ELLA VIRGINIA HOUCK HOLLOWAY. 42298
Birth: Sep. 3, 1862
born at 10 Front St. in 1862 (next door to the Shot Tower)
Born in Baltimore, Maryland.
Wife of Reuben Ross Holloway.
Descendant of Lieut. Robert Porter,
of Maryland.
Daughter of Dr. Jacob Wever Houck and Susannah Frances Porter,
his wife.
Granddaughter of James Porter and
Elizabeth Todd, his wife. Gr.-granddaughter of Robert Porter and Susannah Buck
(1772-1845), his wife.
Robert Porter, (1757-1810), served
as lieutenant in the
Third Maryland regiment. He died in Baltimore.
Also No. 38481.
Married
Reuben R. Holloway January 28, 1892, American LeFrance fire truck company
inventor extinguisher from wealthy family
civic gadfly,
eccentric, an imposing figure whose stature was certainly heightened by her
trademark millinery.
She always appeared
in public wearing a tall shako, a cylindrical beaver hat with plume, that rose
a foot above her head.
"The general contours of my hat and the
Constitution of the United States must remain unchanged," she told The Sun
in 1937.
Expert on all
things flag
as chairman of the
Committee on the Correct Use of the Flag of the United States Daughters of the
War of 1812.
against:
National prohibition.
Women's Suffrage
and jury service ("A woman's place is in the home.").
Recognition of
communist Russia.
Birth control
("That's a doctor's business.").
Giving American
citizenship to Albert Einstein ("He admitted he was a pacifist.").
for:
A big army and
navy.
Buying American
products.
The execution of
Sacco and Vanzetti.
The morning salute
to the flag.
"I believe it
would be a patriotic thing if parents each morning gathered their children
around them, and, after saying grace, if they do, to salute the flag before
breakfast. The flag could be hung in the dining room or parlor."
"The
Star-Spangled Banner," so a wag asked her what she would do if she heard
it while in the bathtub.
"Young man, I stand when I hear `The
Star-Spangled Banner,' " she replied.
Flag should not be used as clothing, purses ashtrays,
fountain pens, belt buckles.shoulder patches and lapel pins. She was especially
incensed at the use of flags on birthday cakes, candies and ice cream molds
In 1938, at a Rotary Club luncheon here, she described how
respect for the flag once
"averted
a panic at sea in the midst of a storm." She said in her remarks: The
third-class passengers on ++ the steamship President Harding fell to their
knees in prayer on the storm swept deck of the liner, when 60-foot waves
disabled the craft. The chief steward's mate walked among them and said, "
'You are sailing under the American flag. The ship cannot sink.'
"It didn't,"
"When
beholding the flag, raise your eyes, give the proper salute and pledge your allegiance
and loyalty. Each time you do you become a better and stronger citizen."
Operatic singer Mr. Jagel
“But…he says that the tune originally was just a
drinking song and….
“I’ve heard that before. You tell him to come down here and go to Fort McHenry,
Let him look at the pen given to me by J. Charles Linthicum, the pen which was
used by President Hoover when he signed the papers making it the national
anthem. That’s the law of the land. Anybody with good common sense knows
that.”…..
….The tenor
said he had to admit publicly to the audience that he didn’t know his own
anthem” Mrs Holloway was informed. “Well that shows you what right he has to
talk. He should have known it before last summer. Everybody should know it. He
should spend his time learning rather than criticizing….”
Another
musician was critical—holloway replied….
“I don’t
care who they are; there have been others. But they didn’t do any good
attacking it. Its part of the law of the land, now. They will learn just as the others did that
it’s a bad thing to fool with Maryland”…
….
Frederick Jagel Metropolitan opera tenor…..”Is he an american? “he is fourth
generation American” “Well he’s still crazy”….What’s the matter with him
anyway? If he can’t sing it then let him hum it, and if he can’t hum it let him
stand at attention while others sing it.”…”the anthem should not be sung as a
solo- it belongs to the people and they should sing it together. If he can’t
sing the high notes then let him be still while others do it. That way
everybody will sing parts of it and the anthem will be sung- that’s the
important thing….
Holloway was 78 at her death in 1940 in the old Marine Hospital in Wyman Park. Building made possible by the work of Linthicum
Patriot, social activist, “Baltimore Matron”, Household
Manager, DAR….Club woman
Maiden Name: Helen A.
Perry
A.K.A.: Mrs. Gabriel
Clark
1866-Born
Saratoga County N.Y. Descendant of Captain Oliver Hazard Perry of the war of 1812
1883- Married Gabriel Clark,
Watchmaker, Jeweler, investor
1898- Married John Charles
Linthicum, Teacher, Historian, Lawyer, Real estate speculator, Farmer
D. A. R
MRS. HELEN A. PERRY LINTHICUM. 56051
Born in Saratoga County, N. Y.
Wife of J. Charles Linthicum.
Descendant of Lieut. Asa Perry, Dr. Daniel Peterson, and Corp. Seth
Sadler.
Daughter of John Leland Perry, Jr., M. D., and Harriet Sadler (b. 1818), his
wife, m. 1835.
Granddaughter of John Leland Perry, M. D. (1787-1841), and Judith Peterson (
1790-1860), his wife, m. 1807; Joel Sadler (1784-1849) and Ann Howe (
1783-1861), his wife.
Gr-granddaughter of Asa Perry and Lydia Leland, his wife; Daniel Peterson, M.
D.,
and Sarah Carter, his wife, m. 1772; Seth Sadler and Ol'.vc Battle (
d. 1823), his wife, m. 1774.
Asa Perry (1746-1826) responded to the Lexington Alarm as lieutenant
in Capt. Ebenezer Wood's company of militia, Col. Asa
Whitcomb's regiment. He was born in Natick ; died in Fitchburg.
Mass.
Daniel Peterson, M. D. (1747-1817), served, 1777, as surgeon's mate
in Col. Thomas Stickney's regiment. He was born in Denmark :
died in Roscawen, N. H.
On
household and servants
Mrs. Linthicum retains the servants
whom she secured nearly eighteen years ago in her early married life. To
them she and her husband are "Miss. Helen" and "Mr.
Charlie," as they were before the servant class was, so to speak, uplifted
out of existence. To bring six old-time, well-trained Negros from Baltimore
into the rarified atmosphere which envelopes the capital and to keep them
unspoiled, simple and faithful as in their old Maryland home shows at once that
Mrs. Linthicum possesses that strength of character in which amiability is
combined with the Christian-like desire to fulfill every duty.
" on home duties," they
always appeared paramount in my life and to keep the domestic machinery well
oiled and running smoothly seemed the mission of every woman who assumed the
duties of matrimony. To conduct even a modest home requires patience,
forethought and a diligent effort to understand details and to make them fit in
so that every one will be happy and comfortable.
….A few unbreakable rules help one so
much. For instance, I have made it a point in my life, never to receive
casual callers, the sort that drop in any time and perhaps interrupt well
matured plans and prevent the performance of necessary duties.
"I know nothing of the servant
problem, though I have sometimes to pour oil on troubled waters and to
compromise and to advise. I have rules in my household and I adhere to
them as strictly as I desire the retainers to do. A sense of justice in
dealing with others, is a powerful measure toward general harmony. I do not
invade the rights of others nor do I permit them to invade my rights, and this,
strictly enforced, will smooth down many rough places…
I think a woman should exert her
influence for good and worthy causes. I cannot enroll myself under the
banner of women seeking public honors or asking recognition in the political
sense, but I heartily endorse the efforts of women to achieve certain things
which in the great rush of life have been overlooked.
I have the honor of being among the
very first to answer to the call for an organized feminine Democracy ….It has
been my hope to see women laboring for what is the best in life, the best
government, local and national, and to see them accomplish something which
makes their desire for a larger mission absolutely logical.
On Saratoga high life
In her early girlhood her father,
Dr. John Leland Perry, was one of the eminent physicians of Saratoga Springs
and she and her sister, Mrs. W.W. Wilder, saw a brilliant phase of life which
no longer exists.
"It saddens me," said Mrs.
Linthicum "to see the Springs now that its glories have departed.
Bright plumage for the ladies and the stately
ways of the gentlemen of those days with their long retinue of servants and
ceremony of going backwards and forwards for the waters made a picture
difficult to imagine now. Then that sound of music seemed always on the air and
the nights were brilliant and lively as the days. One could see the beauty of
all America,
It is most likely that Helen met Mr.
Gabriel Clark in Saratoga as he went there for the famous races each year. He
was a widower, clockmaker and jeweler- one of the Wealthiest men in Baltimore
Of the dar
When the D.A.R.'s were
founded she and her sister were the first to join and Mrs. Linthicum was a member of the Baltimore chapter.
She has known the present head of the great patriotic organization, Mrs.
William Cumming Story, for many years.
Transformation after the war
Before the war began there were vast
numbers of receptions, dinners, and other social activities. Each, while
giving much pleasure and gratification to the participants, left no permanent
or lasting benefits for the community and the country at large. At the
outbreak of the war, however, many persons closely interested in those abroad,
began taking up lines of endeavor for the relief of the suffering and for the
greater comfort of those in the hospitals and on the battlefields notably
Belgian relief work.
Practical
Relief work had surpassed social activity as way of life
body of women who formerly knew
little other than society work have become efficient and useful social workers.
The situation has been of great
benefit to womankind in general. It has shown them that each and every
one can do her……It has shown American women who theretofore have engaged only
in the social affairs of life that they can enjoy themselves just as well in
doing something for humanity as they could to pleasure seeking. It has
enabled each one to find herself, as it were, and to demonstrate that she can
accomplish things along this line just as well as those who have been
practicing it all their lives.
Supporting legislation
(p.2)"Statement of Mrs. J. Charles Linthicum, State
Captain of the State of Maryland Daughters of 1812.
Mrs. Linthicum- I have the honor to being the captain
of the State of Maryland D.A.R. and I wish to say that every one of the
societies of the Daughters of the American Revolution throughout The State of
Maryland are all heart and soul for this bill, and I have very lately seen Mrs.
Holloway and she has been very ill and she said, if she only could live to know
this bill had passed, she felt as though she could see her Creator with
satisfaction.
I also have the extraordinary honor of having named
Constitution Hall and it is going to be my extreme pleasure to present to
Constitution Hall that glorious flag that carries with it the Star-Spangled
Banner. This flag will hang from the ceiling of that great hall.
(Applause) pp. 17-18
Helen Perry Linthicum died
1944, February 4-Buried druid
ridge cemetery Pikesville
She is memorialized through
her own works throughout the Baltimore region and by the recognition of others-
block in national cathedral, st pauls school chapel, scholarship towson, bells
Linthicum Methodist Church
Araber. Teacher, lawyer,
realtor/developer, congressman
Born
son of Sweetser Linthicum and Laura Smith
November 26 1867 one of 10 children
1893- Charles Linthicum married Eugenia May Biden who dies
in 1897
1898 -March 9, - Helen Perry Clark marries John Charles
Linthicum
-Works for family farm as araber selling veg with his brother
-Attends Normal School becomes teacher 1886
-Teaches in Frederick Braddock School 1887 Principal
-Attends University of Maryland History/political science
-Attends John Hopkins becomes lawyer 1890
-Augments income of farming with Real Estate Company
-Served as Maryland House of delegates 1904-5
-Served as Maryland senator 1906-1909
Served in congress 4th District of Maryland
1911-1932 died in office longest serving.
1927- Leader of the wets Beck Lnthicum amendment to repeal
prohibition 1932
Chaired Foreign relations committee of House 1931-33
Ran for Baltimore Mayor lost
-Fort Mchenry The fort was made a national park in
1925; on August 11, 1939, it was redesignated a "National Monument and
Historic Shrine,"
-Orpheus 1922, June 14,-President Warren G. Harding headed the list of
dignitaries at the unveiling ceremonies pf the
Key Memorial (Orpheus
with the Awkward Foot by Charles H. Niehaus) at
Fort McHenry The speech he delivered here was the first by a U.S. President to
be broadcast on coast-to-coast radio.
Died 1932 October 5
“Why We Preserve Fort McHenry
Written
for THE PATRIOTIC MARYLANDER
By Hon. J. Chas. Linthicum
Member of the United States Congress, from Maryland
THE
history of every great war has brought forth some particular battle as the
turning point in the fortunes of one or the other of the contending parties.
Historians of our War of 1812 unanimously agree that the turning point in that
struggle was marked by the very engagement that so splendidly inspired our
national anthem.
,,,,,the greatest moment in American history.
….decided the fortunes of Europe, no less so did the
former determine those of North America.
…..Second War of Independence. In our first struggle
we secured our political freedom; the second established our commercial
freedom. At a psychological moment in the progress of
that war, at a time when our Government, crippled by fierce and unreasoning partisanship, was
on the verge of exhaustion, ////////
…. that at Fort McHenry
inspired the song that aroused as by magic every smoldering sentiment of
patriotism in our country.
Our country needed a song to express the patriotic
sentiment in every breast and there was required
only the event to produce it. That event was furnished in the attack on
Baltimore. Human nature could not withstand the irresistible appeal of Key's
words and the national spirit was lifted from the
veil of gloom and despair in which it had been
languishing, to the sunlit heights of confidence and victory.
Key's song did more for national unity than could have been accomplished by a
million bayonets.
That the spot which played such an important part in
the history of our country should be regarded with almost religious sacredness
evokes no wonder
A place can
create a brighter history.
///For
a nation to lovingly preserve that which it esteems dear and sacred, is but human. As long as we are a nation, as
long as Maryland is a commonwealth of our nation, Fort McHenry will hold a
place strong in the affections of the American people, for it is a heritage of
the past whose history becomes brighter and clearer
with passage of time.
Never
is the music of our national anthem heard but the imagination reverts to the
little fort on the Patapsco, above whose ramparts swung the flag that inspired
the fervent hope of Key:
“
Linthicum, John, Charles,
“Why We Preserve Fort McHenry”, In: The Patriotic Marylander, Vol. 1,
1914, p.16-17
////-The Part Played by Fort McHenry and "The Star Spangled Banner" In Our Second War with Great Britain Speech of Hon. J. Chas. Linthicum Of Maryland in the House Of Representatives August 5, 1912., p.40.
STATEMENT OF HON. J. CHARLES
LINTHICUM, MEMBER OF CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF MARYLAND
Mr.
LINTHICUM. I introduced a similar bill to the one under discussion today, No.
6429, on the 1st of April 1919, and on the 2d of April 1921.
“There
are many songs which are perhaps easier sung and some people think that perhaps
The Star-Spangled Banner is a little hard to sing that therefore it should not
be the national anthem. But while there are many songs, there has never been in
the history of this country a song which sprung from the hearts of the people
as did The Star-Spangled Banner, and at a time when the destiny of the country
weighed in the balance.”
• The war….
was not pressed as it should have been pressed.
But, when that national anthem burst forth and the people
began to sing throughout our land, it was worth more than 100,000 bayonets,
because it united our people in one solid phalanx for the prosecution of the
war.
Not only that, but the battle at North Point and Fort
McHenry was the decisive battle of the war of 1812.
Chronology- Holloway and The Star Spangled Banner
Prior to Star Spangled Banner national songs included- My
Country Tis of Thee, Hail Columbia. America The Beautiful.
1588- Deliverance from Armada
1596-1650 f René Descartes, Age of reason
1605- Deliverance
from gunpowder plot
1606-King James by proclamation recognizes the British flag
1649- Execution of Charles I
1688-Glorious revolution William of Orange
1734- Great Awakening-separation of church and state –
evangelical movements
Mid 1760’s – John Stafford Smith, in England, writes the tune to : "The Anacreontic Song",
also known as "To Anacreon in Heaven", for the Anacreonic
Society a social club.
1812-1814 American War of 1812
1814, September 13,- Francis Scot Key Writes Star Spangled
Banner (The Defense of Fort McHenry) in Baltimore on an English prison ship.
1861-1865 American Civil War
1862- Sept 3, Ella Virginia Houck Born, daughter of Dr.
Jacob Wever and Susannah Houck, doctor manufacturer of patent medicine, donor
of the property of the Battle of North Point (born 10 Front Street. Nexty door
to the shot tower)
1855- Reuben Ross Holloway Born (Son of Charles T. and Anna
Harden Holloway (Charles T. Holloway Chemical Fire Engine Company, Holloway
Extinguisher, Baltimore manger of American la France Fire Engine Company) mason, member sons of the American
Revolution)
1866- Helen Linthicum (Perry) Born. Descendant of Captain Oliver Hazard Perry of the war of 1812
1867. November 26- Charles Linthicum Born, Son of Sweetser Linthicum Sr.and laura Smith, one of 10 children
1883- Gabriel Clark, Watchmaker, Jeweler, investor
marries Helen Perry (Linthicum)
1889- Star Spangled Banner adopted by the Navy for official use
for morning flag-raising ceremonies.
1892, January 28 - Reuben R. Holloway married, January 28, 1892, Ella Virginia
Houck (she traced her ancestry to Lieutenant Robert Porter, of Back
River Neck, Porters Bar, Maryland, an officer of the Revolution)
1892- Bellamy writes pledge of allegiance
1893- Charles Linthicum married Eugenia May Biden who dies in 1897
1896- Gabriel Clark, Dec. 8, dies. One of Baltimore’s most prosperous citizens
1898 -March 9, - Helen Perry Clark marries John Charles
Linthicum
1908-
December 13, - Reuben Ross Holloway Dies
1911-
Charles Linthicum Elected U.S. Congressman from the 4th Congressional district of Maryland, serving
from 1911 to 1932. (Died in office- at the time the longest sitting rep.)
1912,
July 23- Linthicum introduces bill to create a monument to honor Francis Scott
Key at Fort Mchenry.
1912-
Linthicum introduces bill to have Congress donate captured guns and cannon
balls to a Fort Mchenry Museum
1914-1918
First World War
1916,
March- Linthicum Introduced first bill for the Anthem at request of the
Maryland Chapter of the National Society of United States Daughters of 1812.
Attempt sidelined by war legislation.
1916-
Star Spangled Banner Recognized by the President President Woodrow Wilson who ordered it played at all
military and official occasions.
1916- Design for monument to Key at
Fort McHenry awarded to C.H.
Niehaus, E.V. Warren, Architect.
1917- Official Song for ceremonial occasions for Navy and
Army
1918- Holloway convinces J. Charles Linthicum to introduce
the first bill recognizing the song as the national anthem.
1920- DAR Congress, Endorses
Linthicums bill of April 19
1921- Anthem bill re-introduced- did not pass.
1922, June 14,-President
Warren G. Harding headed the list of dignitaries at the unveiling
ceremonies pf the Key Memorial (Orpheus with the Awkward Foot by
Charles H. Niehaus) at Fort McHenry The speech he delivered here was the
first by a U.S. President to be broadcast on coast-to-coast radio.
1923, January- Anthem bill introduced for third time. Bill
died.
1923- flag code written (legion)
1924- Joint Resolution General Assembly of Maryland requests
Congress to adopt the anthem and support bill Hr. 5261 Introduced by Linthicum
to make Fort McHenry a national park
1925- Fort Mchenry national park
1929, April 15- Anthem Bill re-introduced by Linthicum.
Hearings began Jan. 31, 1930. Reaches floor of the House April 21, 1930.
1930, the Music Supervisors National Conference, who were meeting in Chicago,
adopted a resolution against the bill. It focused on a single event, too difficult to
be sung. They wanted America the Beautiful.
1930- Linthicum’s bill passed unanimously by the House.
1931, March 3- The Bill
Recognizing the anthem sponsored by Rep. J. Charles Linthicum and Sen. Millard E. Tydings passes senate, (46 Stat. 1508, codified
at 36 U.S.C. § 301), which was signed by President Herbert Hoover.
March 11, TITLE 36
> Subtitle I > Part A > CHAPTER 3 > § 301
§ 301.
National anthem
1932- "I believe it would
be a patriotic thing if parents each morning gathered their children around
them and, after saying grace, if they do, to salute the flag before breakfast.
The flag could be hung in the dining room or parlor," Mrs. Reuben Ross
Holloway told The Sun
1939-
Fort mchenry first and only national shrine
1940- Mrs. Reuben Ross
Holloway Dies (age 78) and efforts by
Kate Smith to make God Bless Americaa the anthem failed. (died at Old marine
Hospital, Wyman Park, Baltimore)
1940- Nov. 3- Ella Virginia Houck Holloway died,
1942- pledge recognized by congress
1942- flag code becomes law
1944, February 4- Helen Linthicum Dies
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Linthicum,
Charles, The Part Played by Fort McHenry and “The Star-Spangled Banner”….,
1912.
American Society of International Law…, Proceedings…..
Vols. 26-27, 1932, p. 249.
National Republic, National Republic, Vol. 18, 1930,
p. 42.
United States Congress, House Committee on Appropriations, Hearings
BBefore Subcommittee of House Committee on Appropriations….., “Defficiency Appropriation Bill.”. P.688
(Linthicum describes concept of park at Fort Mchenry as construction
to improve immigration station is discussed.)
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