It is perhaps helpful to visualize the dimensions of the internet as tunnels or large water main
pipes linking computers. For each one you must have a program to make sense of the stream
of information and files that run through the pipe. Additionally you must have an addres for that
pipe to connect to. In this section instructions will be provided to set up and use these dimensions.
I have not included the WWW or the Newsgroup dimensions here as they are discussed elsewhere. Lynx is also not so much a dimension as a browser designed to work via telnet.
Send me e.mail click here    Return to the main course page Click Here
Do not let your questions go un answered. If you can not find something you need contact
me right away. Remember- you need not have a computer to do the exercises and to fully
benefit from this course- check in with your local public library!

FILE TRANSFER PROTOCAL
 

Also known as FTP.
One of the pipes leading from your internet connection to other computers is
the FTP pipe. Today most FTP is done with automated programs however,
you can also do FTP manually from your unix shell account. Instructions for
this method. (If you can you should use WT-FTP as it is much easier) are found
below.

Any file can be transfered from the other (host) computer to your computer.
There are different access types. Sometimes a computer (ftp server) will
let you in with an anonymous login other times you will need a pass word.
Sometimes you can log in as anonymous but must give an e.mail address.

Once you are logged on to an FTP server you will view a series of directories.
If you have an address of a file on a FTP server you can go from one directory
to the other in the address to find the individual file and then click on it within
your FTP program to download it. If you do not know the address click on
the pub directory where most public files are stored.

I recommend the WS-ftp program.  It is small and loads quickly and can be instaled
on a floppy disk. When using a public terminal with floppy drive access you can
run it from the floppy drive of the public terminal computer. You may have to tell
netscape where it is or select open from the file menu and select the WS-ftp file.

Instructions and commands for manual FTP click here

Down load a free trial copy of WS-ftp by clicking here:

How to transfer files to the freenet using WS-FTP click here

Transfering Files using Hyper term/terminal click here

Putting Web Pages (files) on the Freenet Account without File Transfer click here

To Return to the top of this section (FTP) click here

To return to the top click here

Transfering Files to the freenet using WS-FTP
In order to use WS-FTP to transfer files to the freenet open the program up to the connect page or select connect. On the connect page enter a name for your profile (any), then put in the host name slot-
ftp-home.ncf.carleton.ca
In the user name put- (your account # no ))s)-1
In the password slot type in your password
click on save password
ot the top click on the box marked save

Then click on connect on the bottom left
you will see your directories of your drive on the left
soon a set of directories at your freenet account will be on the right
you can go up and down in the directory on the left by clicking on the arrows
once you have located the file you wish to transfer click on it and it will turn up  copied
to the freenet account on the right hand side. You can now go to your browser and look
at your work.
The address of any file sent to  the freenet will be
http://www.ncf.carleton.ca/~(your account number no(()/filename.extension (html etc)
 

To Return to the top of this section (FTP) click here
To return to the top click here

Transfering Files via Manual FTP

If possible you should use the WT-FTP program as it is much easier however someday
you will only have access to the unix shell and you will have to know how to do the manual
FTP commands. It is always helpful to have a book of UNIX commands ready- Unix for Dummies and other texts are available.  You will have to of course have an account which
supports TELNET.  If you have such an account log in and connect and then type  FTP
You should get a prompt in return if you have the program. Contact your provider for details.

When you get to the FTP prompt you need to put in an address to send the program to-
Type:
open (address)
no ()
and hit enter

The computer should connect to the other computer via FTP

In addition to the address of the other computer (the server) you should have your file address.
This address will be a listing of directories and sub directories ending with the name and extension of a particular file- the one you want.

Sometimes the server will ask for an ID or password. If you have one use it but if not try using the password:
anonymous

The server might also ask for your e.mail account. Be sure to give your real address although sometimes you can use an immitation with an @ sign.

The first thing you will see is a list of directories.
If you know the address of your file type in   cd (directory name)   no((  -using the first directory  listed in the address.
You will then get a prompt. Type in cd(directory name) again  and again till you get to
the last directory name before the file you wish to have. Once you get there type in
get filename.(extension) and the file will be transfered to your Unix shell account directory.If you want an image or a program file (binary files) you must type in and enter binary before you
get the file.
Contact your provider for instructions on how to download the file from there to your computer.

If you are not sure which directory contains the file you seek try going to the pub directory.
Here are a list of commands for manual FTP transfer:

ascii   Switch to ascii mode. Ascii mode is the default mode and used for transferring text files
binary  Switch to binary mode. For transferring binary files like .ZIP files, .Z files and the like
cd      Change the directory on the remote computer
dir     List the files in the current directory on the remote computer.
ls      Same as 'dir', but shows less information sometimes.
get     Copy a file from the remote computer to yours
hash    Puts a '#' on the screen for every  of bytes transferred.  is 1024 in some cases, 2048 in others but is between 1024 and 4096 in most cases.  Check the ftp 'help' function for more info on the number for your clientprogram.
help    Gives help on the use of commands within the ftp program
lcd     Change the directory on your computer (the 'l' is for local)
lpwd    Shows the present working directory (pwd) on your computer (the 'l' is for local). Note: this may not work on all machines. On a Unix machine, try !pwd if lwpd doesn't work.
mget    Copy multiple files from the remote computer to yours
pwd     Shows the present working directory (pwd) on the remote computer
 

To Stop information flowing upwards off the screen try these commands- each machine may be a bit
different but one should work:

ls -l |more
dir |more
dir -1 |more
Ctrl-S to stop the scrolling, Ctrl-Q to resume scrolling
Alt-Scrolllock to pause the screen and restart it again

To Return to the top of this section (FTP) click here
To return to the top click here

Transfering Files using Hyper term/terminal
For using FTP to transfer a file from your computer using hyperterm or terminal programs to
the freenet follow these instructions:
First use hyper term to log on to the freenet either via sailor or via your commercial account.
Then follow the freenet menues below through the transfer. The transfered file will end up in your work area of the freenet. If it is to be used as part of a web page it needs to then be moved from the work area to the web area. At the your choice prompt type in: go homefiles .  Hit enter.
From the menu select 5 copy files from work directory to free pages one by one. Once you have transfered the file to free pages return to your work directory (type in   go files and hit enter)
and delete the file from the work directory to save space.)
Once you put a file in to your free pages area its internet address will be:
http://www.ncf.carleton.ca/~(your account # no parenthesis)/filename.extension(html .gif ...no ())
 

To Return to the top of this section (FTP) click here
To return to the top click here

Putting HTML (web page files) on the Freenet without file transfer

If you can not upload via FTP use the following method:

1. Open the web page file in a text editor or if in netscape select view/view source
    highlight the entire document by clicking and dragging from top to bottom (use left
    mouse key)  Once entire document is highlighted select edit/copy. The document
    will now be on the clipboard.

2. Log into the freenet.

3. at the your choice prompt type
    go manage
    hit enter

4. Give the name of the file you want to create- if a web page it must be
    filename.html
    (use your title for filename) hit enter

5. when next screen appears type y to create it

6. The text editor will appear. Use the edit/ paste command in your telnet program or in hyper term and the code will be pasted in

7. Hit control key and x and the file will be saved.

8. Hit enter and you will be at the menu type in-
    go homefiles

9. Select:   5 Copy files  from your Work directory to FreePages one-by-one

10. When you see publish filename select yes. (you should delete files from your work area after you publish them. select go f iles and then select delete a file.2 Delete a file <?>
 

To Return to the top of this section (FTP) click here
To return to the top click here

Telnet
Telnet is another pipe connecting one computer to another. It also helps files transfer but more importantly it helps you to actually work on another computer such as the freenet.
The program required is generally called telnet and it is located within the windows directory of windows.
You will need to tell netscape where this program is and enter the address somewhere in the preferences.
Tenet will load when you type
telnet:
into the address bar at the top.
Once the program loads you need to find out where to put the address.
This is under the connect menu at top and remote system.
The address for the freenet is:
telnet.freenet.carleton.ca
Once you install the address you can hit connect.
In a few moments the other computer will answer. You will have to know what the
other computer wants- in the case of the freenet it will ask for your member number at login
and your password at password. Type these in and hit enter then follow the instructions at the bottom of the page.
You can connect to sailor at the address-
sailor.lib.md.us
use guest to log in
and enter for vt100 and follow instructions on the bottom of the page.

To return to the top click here

The Lynx Browser Commands

When you connect to sailor via your home dial up/communications program or via telnet you will be using a non graphical browser. The only difference between this browser and Netscape and the other browsers is that it has no images. It does have certain commands which you can use
to have it perform different functions. You will use the arrow keys to navigate. Because the browser does not load images it is much faster than other browsers.

BASIC COMMAND KEYS

      Down Arrow . . . . . Mover cursor to next topic (page)
        Up Arrow . . . . . Move cursor to previous topic (page)
     Right Arrow . . . . . Display selected topic (page)
      Left Arrow . . . . . Return to previous topic (page)

   Return, Enter . . . . . Display selected topic (page)
               u . . . . . Return to previous topic (page)
               r . . . . . Refresh the screen
      SPACE or + . . . . . Scroll down to next screen (Page-Down)
          - or b . . . . . Scroll up to previous screen (Page-Up)

               m . . . . . Return to Sailor Home Page
          h or ? . . . . . Help (Sailor Lynx Help)
               q . . . . . Quit (Capital 'Q' for quick quit)

MORE COMMAND KEYS

               g . . . . . Go to a user specified URL
          Ctrl-U . . . . . Erase input line
               z . . . . . Cancel transfer of file in progress
          Ctrl-G . . . . . Cancel transfer or input
               = . . . . . Show file and link information
               d . . . . . Download current page with HTML code
               p . . . . . Download current page as text (without HTML code)
               / . . . . . Search for string of characters within current page
               n . . . . . Find next occurence of search string on current page
               o . . . . . Go to user configuration Options page
               i . . . . . Show an index of Sailor Web Site documents
               \ . . . . . Show HTML source code for current page
               l . . . . . Show list of URLs on current page
          CTRL-A . . . . . Go to first page of the current document (Home)
          CTRL-E . . . . . Go to last page of the current document (End)
          CTRL-B . . . . . Scroll up to previous screen (Page-Up)
          CTRL-F . . . . . Scroll down to next screen (Page-Down)
          CTRL-N . . . . . Go forward two lines in the current document
          CTRL-P . . . . . Go back two lines in the current document
               ) . . . . . Go forward half a page in the current document
               ( . . . . . Go back half a page in the current document
          Ctrl-R . . . . . Reload file
          Ctrl-W . . . . . Refresh the screen
         Shift-V . . . . . Go to the Visited Links Page
     [Backspace] . . . . . Go to the History page

To return to the top click here

Send me e.mail click here    Return to the main course page Click Here
Do not let your questions go un answered. If you can not find something you need contact
me right away. Remember- you need not have a computer to do the exercises and to fully
benefit from this course- check in with your local public library!